 |
 |
|
|
How Do I Cite This in the Reference List and in the Narrative?
A chapter or article in an edited book?
Suppose that Ramirez wrote a chapter in a 2003 book edited by Smith and Jones. Ramirez gets the author slot in the reference list and in the in-text citation. Smith and Jones show up only in the reference list.
So, for example:
Ramirez, A. (2003). Can’t buy me love. In T. Smith & H. Jones (Eds.), Songs sung blue (pp. 234-256). New York: Garfield.
In text: Ramirez (2003).
What if Ramirez first published the article elsewhere a few years earlier and now it’s appearing in this edited volume? Then add the original date of publication in parentheses.
Ramirez, A. (2003). Can’t buy me love. In T. Smith & H. Jones (Eds.), Songs sung blue (pp. 234-256). New York: Garfield. (Original work published 1997)
In-text: Ramirez (1997/2003)
See pp. 252-255 in the APA manual for more information.
A secondary source—meaning, if Jones (2004) cites Adams (1990) but I didn’t read Adams? Only what you actually read firsthand shows up in the reference list. And no date appears with what you did not read. So in this instance, you have:
Blah blah the reason Joe Namath retired. Adams (as cited in Jones, 2004) believed the quarterback’s knees were the least of his problems.
Note: In graduate writing, it’s always better to find and read the original source. Some Walden programs do not allow the use of secondary sources.
An article or Web site with no author listed?
If no author is shows, substitute the title of the article in the author slot in the reference list. In text, use the first couple of words in the title, in capital letters and quotation marks. Here are two examples, including one from the New Hampshire state statutes:
Stooges playhouse. (2005). Retrieved December 19, 2005, from http://www.amctv.com/article?CID=1241-1--0-11-EST
In text: (“Stooges Playhouse,” 2005)
Acid Rain Control Act, Title X Public Health, New Hamp. 125-D:3 (1998). Retrieved December 19, 2005, from http://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/X/125-D/125-D-3.htm
In text: Acid Rain Control Act (1998).
A document found on Walden's Web site?
Confused about citing a Walden Web document? Don't be. It generally follows APA 4.16 #81. Here's an example:
Walden University. (2006, May 29). Blank matrix for students enrolled in Elementary Reading & Literacy Specialization. Retrieved (date retrieved) from http://inside.waldenu.edu/c/ERLBlankMatrix.doc
In text: (Walden University, 2006)
A DVD that accompanies my course?
Citing a DVD may seem daunting, but there really is a straightforward method. Promise!
Citing a DVD (Word document)
A ProQuest dissertation?
Because the model in the APA manual does not fit all ProQuest citations, we've come up with this alternative for citing a dissertation from the ProQuest database.
The foreword from a book?
If someone other than the main author wrote a foreword to a book, and you want to cite something in the foreword, then the author of the foreword gets the reference list citation and the in-text citation, as you would in an edited book.
Frankenfoos, B. (1997). Foreword. In R. Crowe, A rock’m sock’m robot’s guide to drama (pp. iii-xi). Los Angeles: Rasputin.
In text: When citing someone who is not the main author of a text, it might be helpful to your reader to note that in your narrative: In her foreword to Crowe’s book on method acting, Frankenfoos (1997) noted that many great actors gain firsthand experience in the trades they represent on film and stage.
The Bible?
No reference list entry is needed for your references to the Bible. In text, cite the version you used and the chapter and verse. See APA 3.100 for more on this and citing classic Greek and Roman texts.
A republished work?
Examples of how to cite newly published copies of original work are buried in the APA manual. Section 3.100 shows how to cite a version from 1983 of a book originally published by William James in 1890: (James, 1890/1983). On page 254 is an example of how to cite a 1961 version of a book that Sigmund Freud wrote in 1923: (Freud, 1923/1961).
Here is another example to help guide you. Note that the newer version is the first date shown in the reference list, and the original date of publication, often available on the title page of a book, appears in parentheses at the end, with no final punctuation:
Weber, M. (2003). (T. Parsons, Trans.). Protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism. New York: Dover. (Original work published 1904)
In text: (Weber, 1904/2003)
PSYCArticles or another database with or without page numbers indicated?
Normally, .pdf files that appear in electronic databases show the original page numbers. And you would cite them as you would any journal article:
Johnson, H. (2004). The disappearing turnpike restaurant: End of an era. Journal of Vanishing Landmarks, 23, 235-245. Retrieved November 16, 2005, from Academic Search Premier database.
If there are no page numbers indicated, then you’re supposed to note the paragraph number in that section of the article. In this example, let’s say the original article was 8 pages long on your computer:
Parker, J., & Donaldson, Q. (2004). Self-image of lab mice. Journal of Experimental Psychology on Nonhuman Subjects, 8, 8 pp.
In text: (Parker & Donaldson, 2004, Findings section, 4)
A name like Ludwig von Bertalanffy (1968)?
See APA section 4.04. If the language of origin usually includes the prefix as part of the name, then include it and alphabetize it accordingly. APA suggests that is not the case with Mr. von B:
Bertalanffy, L. von. (1968). General system theory: Foundations, development, applications. New York: George Braziller.
A weird electronic citation?
Try http://www.bedfordstmartins.com/online/cite6.html. Scroll down for some good examples. APA’s own Web site shows several good examples at http://www.apastyle.org/elecref.html. And if you still can’t figure it out, send a message to writingsupport@waldenu.edu.
A study guide that goes with a course I’m taking?
In this example, let’s say the chapter or piece you’re reading is called “Perspectives on Reading.” Here’s what we came up with:
Canter & Associates, Inc. (2003). Perspectives on reading. Foundations of reading and literacy study guide 6641 (pp. 21-22). Los Angeles: Laureate Education, Inc.
In text: (Canter & Associates, 2003)
An online document I found in the ERIC database?
The APA manual shows how to cite an ERIC document, and how to cite an article found in a database--but not both. We did the best we could to create something that seems to work. The punctuation gets tricky here, so note the parentheses and period carefully.
Watson, G. A. (1995, April). Middle school mathematics teacher change: Social constructivism climbs a step. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, Boston. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED382469). Retrieved December 23, 2005, from the ERIC database.
No Child Left Behind (NCLB) Act of 2001, Pub. L. No. 107-110, § 115, Stat. 1425 (2002).
In text: (No Child Left Behind [NCLB], 2002) on first reference; thereafter (NCLB, 2002).
The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report?
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2007). Update on vaccine-derived polioviruses--worldwide, January 2006-August 2007. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 56(38), 996-1001.
In text, first reference: (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2007). After that, it’s (CDC, 2007).
If you have more than one CDC publication from any year, then it's (CDC, 2007a), (CDC, 2007b), and so on.
|
|
